>> So showing that there are cases where people do confuse the two doesn’t negate the broader point that they’re not exactly the same thing in the brain, does i

>> So showing that there are cases where people do confuse the two doesn’t negate the broader point that they’re not exactly the same thing in the brain, does it? Sure, they are different things but the author felt the need to state that they don't get confused - which is a false statement given the existence of PTSD. Since I'm bringing up psychology, I'd say ANY model of how the brain works should also account for the phenomena of transference and projection. The author is talking about abstract (and physiological) models of how the brain works. To quote someone whom I forget "all models are wrong, but some models are useful". The EMDR model IS useful and has been used to treat millions of people. The authors model is just speculation based on some brain scans - i.e. has not been used for anything useful yet and as such I don't think we can let a falsehood like "people don't get these confused" slide.