The burden of proof for the mandatory warranty reverses after six months (not twelve) in Germany. For the first six months the manufacturer has to prove that t

The burden of proof for the mandatory warranty reverses after six months (not twelve) in Germany. For the first six months the manufacturer has to prove that the damage was inflicted by the customer and not a problem with the device itself. After that for another 18 months the customer has to prove that the device was already defective when he acquired it and he's not to blame. Adding to that the manufacturer itself can give any voluntary guarantee he wants (Apple usually offers one year and you are able to extend it with AppleCare). It's a private contract between the manufacturer and the customer. It's seems that "Apple pushed a paid warranty service with its AppleCare service" and Italy wasn't happy about it.