BSD Sockets ensured that we have problems using anything other than what the software was originally written for, unless it's a program recent enough to use the

BSD Sockets ensured that we have problems using anything other than what the software was originally written for, unless it's a program recent enough to use the one bit of API that got back ported from OSI-oriented Ed networks, the getaddressinfo() call. Otherwise there's a ton of low level IPv4 details leaking all around the basic idea of connecting from one service to another.