One takeaway for dealing with what the author calls misalignment seems to be that abstractions should be reversible, that is, easily rolled back to the base la

One takeaway for dealing with what the author calls misalignment seems to be that abstractions should be reversible, that is, easily rolled back to the base layer, without disrupting other parts of the system. This facilitates swapping out one abstraction for another. Another way of putting it is that if you lay out all the dependencies in a system, it should look more like a tree than a graph, with the abstractions closer to the leaves than to the root.