Some of this data is straight up bad in the earlier days, like drastic around 2000 in several countries or Italy in 1992. Another examples are Estonia or Russia

Some of this data is straight up bad in the earlier days, like drastic around 2000 in several countries or Italy in 1992. Another examples are Estonia or Russia around soviet union disintegration. The labor statistics of socialist countries were extremely bloated. The point about education does not make sense to me - the percent of higher education students in Poland is dropping in the last years, and the participation rate keeps climbing.