It isn't even limited to high profile cases like those. Same goes for a lot of hiring (in junior positions especially), it often takes some time for the employe

It isn't even limited to high profile cases like those. Same goes for a lot of hiring (in junior positions especially), it often takes some time for the employee to learn the ropes, during which time their cost (both in terms of direct costs like salary, benefits and equipment and indirect costs like the time of the people bringing them up to speed) is almost definitely higher than the value they're bringing to the business.