I find Apple the most respectful to the customer in this regard. I buy iPhones brand new the year they are released and I keep them until they can run the late

I find Apple the most respectful to the customer in this regard. I buy iPhones brand new the year they are released and I keep them until they can run the latest major ios version, typically 5-6 years (last cycle was 6s (2015) -> 13 (2021)). Changing the battery once. It is a very good trade-off between cost and user experience.