Most real world situations are often modelled in simulation software now. Look up CFD / FEA. Only the very early front end engineering design is applying engine

Most real world situations are often modelled in simulation software now. Look up CFD / FEA. Only the very early front end engineering design is applying engineering science on paper. Other than that it's the tribal knowledge of the company and a smattering of "what we did before" + what the supplier can provide, that drives new designs/mechanisms etc. In Civil engineering everything is designed to building codes so they should have standard templates for showing that the thing they are building is up to code and have it signed off by a Chartered/Professional Engineer. Probably less than 5% of an engineering company today is actually doing math / working through free body diagrams and calculating component cross sections based on strength of materials / engineering statics and dynamics principles.