It's only "obvious" after the fact, and was clearly not obvious to the patents office, or the patent wouldn't have been granted. As for the "no effort" claim,

It's only "obvious" after the fact, and was clearly not obvious to the patents office, or the patent wouldn't have been granted. As for the "no effort" claim, reminds me of the : Henry Ford vs Charles Steinmetz' (of General Electric) invoice for fixing a generator : "Making chalk mark [showing where the issue is], $1. Knowing where to make mark, $9,999."