The overly simplified explanation is that the AI models see patterns in the training data that we do not. Feed a system a series of pictures of stop signs, and

The overly simplified explanation is that the AI models see patterns in the training data that we do not. Feed a system a series of pictures of stop signs, and humans might key on things like the red color, or the shape, or even the word "STOP". An AI model might also recognize that they commonly have 2 bolts, and are attached to a post, and have a contrasting border. Typical machine vision systems can only classify what they have been trained on, they are ignorant to other objects. Train a system on a bunch of STOP signs, and then show it a SPEED LIMIT sign with morning sun giving the sign an amber glow, and the AI system might call it a STOP sign. Again, this is an overly simplified explanation, but we can explain how AI works, we just can't always explain or know what parameters in the training data it keyed on.