4 ms·
Tomcat et all, all the swing-wing aircraft were the solutions of an interim era in which the engines were still not yet developed enough to make up for the drag
by unity1001 4y ago
Tomcat et all, all the swing-wing aircraft were the solutions of an interim era in which the engines were still not yet developed enough to make up for the drag that wings with low angles induced, but the aircraft needed such low-sweep-angle wings in order to be able to take of and land in short distances.
From MIG-23 to Tomcat to F-111 to less-known Su series to Tornado to whichever example you can imagine, were designed in this period.
Then engines got much stronger. They overcame the drag from low sweep angle wings and readily pushed aircraft to the barrier of 2000 km/h speeds. It was also discovered that at 2000 km/h you fly like a brick and there is not much room for manuevering or doing anything. It was also discovered that the practical max was 2500 km/h, and beyond that you either use titanium like in SR-71 and keep the aircraft light so that it couldn't do anything but recon, or, just accept that your aircraft would burn and crash if it exceeded that speed. Even the successful and widely used MIG-25 had 2500 km/h as its max.
Therefore aircraft speeds hit a wall, engines got powerful enough to make up for the loss from non-swing wings. Add to that how the industry learned to use the entire aircraft body as a lifting surface instead of loading everything on the wings, any reason for swing wings has gone away.
Hence their early retirement.
- tengwar2 4y agoMax speed isn't the only consideration, of course. Almost all "supersonic" planes are effectively subsonic with a supersonic sprint capability, rather than being natively supersonic. Concorde, Tu-144, A-12/SR-71 and XB-70 are the only native supersonic aircraft I can think of. Everything else is to some extent optimised for lower speed, so using big engines to temporarily overcome drag from a non-swing-wing design is consistent with that compromise.