This is kinda diving into the deep end, but this is a great overview - https://mitp-content-server.mit.edu/books/content/sectbyfn/books_pres_0/6515/sicp.zip/ful

This is kinda diving into the deep end, but this is a great overview - https://mitp-content-server.mit.edu/books/content/sectbyfn/books_pres_0/6515/sicp.zip/full-text/book/book-Z-H-33.html#%_sec_5.3 https://mitp-content-server.mit.edu/books/content/sectbyfn/b... the gist is you treat memory as a big array, then write a program to manipulate that array. it's really just a decision about what you want to "take as primitive" in your implementation. could be brk, could be malloc and free, or something higher level.