Yes, but unfortunately they require some digestion. This thesis isn't, for example, fleshed out in a single pop sci book or even dissertation or academic book a

Yes, but unfortunately they require some digestion. This thesis isn't, for example, fleshed out in a single pop sci book or even dissertation or academic book afaict. It's more like: reading a lot about the history of philosophy, mathematics, and religion. (That said, I think most people in those three fields -- philosophy, history of mathematics, and religious studies at least as an academic field -- will agree in one way or another with the general sense that mathematical notions of infinity have definitely influenced and been influenced by religion and spirituality.) The closest single source that comes to mind, at least for one region of the world, might be Russell's history of western philosophy, which commits more time to both theology and mathematical history that is typical for that type of text. But, it's a big tome and only here and there provides nuggets of insight on this topic. Thinking about other sources, if you are interested in this thesis, I think you'd get a lot out of reading the works of people like Descarte, Leibniz, or even Godel. Also biographies about the same, because the writings by the men themselves are more like primary sources than summative/synthetic expositions. By which I mean, you have to study the text, its cultural context, and its impact on the history of mathematics (rather than just read and comprehend the words on the page). So reading the texts plus the biographies plus knowing enough about mathematics to understand how their ideas do and do not permeate the field will, I think, give you a decent sense for the thing I'm saying above. Sorry I don't have a single easily digestible podcast/book/audio book :(