The concept of broken windows started in the 1980s and according to a recent paper it's not effective. https://news.northeastern.edu/2019/05/15/northeastern-un

The concept of broken windows started in the 1980s and according to a recent paper it's not effective. https://news.northeastern.edu/2019/05/15/northeastern-university-researchers-find-little-evidence-for-broken-windows-theory-say-neighborhood-disorder-doesnt-cause-crime/ https://news.northeastern.edu/2019/05/15/northeastern-univer... Here's an npr article showing that the effects in nyc were overstated https://www.npr.org/2016/11/01/500104506/broken-windows-policing-and-the-origins-of-stop-and-frisk-and-how-it-went-wrong https://www.npr.org/2016/11/01/500104506/broken-windows-poli...