No and no. Solar panels use a little bit of silver and more copper, and no rarer materials. There are numerous battery chemistries. None competing for utility-

No and no. Solar panels use a little bit of silver and more copper, and no rarer materials. There are numerous battery chemistries. None competing for utility-scale use involve any rare materials or substantial carbon emission. Likely chemistries include iron/air, zinc/bromine, and manganese/calcium. And the overwhelming majority of utility storage built will not be "batteries" at all. Compressed air, liquified air, synthetic ammonia, electrolysed hydrogen, pumped hydro, and buoyancy will probably all be used in various places. Just now, almost all is pumped hydro. Most future storage will be constructed after the majority of energy produced is from renewable sources.