Good call, but in the U.S., according to Wikipedia: "The Shabani case illustrates that it is a matter of legislative prerogative whether to require an overt st

Good call, but in the U.S., according to Wikipedia: "The Shabani case illustrates that it is a matter of legislative prerogative whether to require an overt step, or not to require an overt step in any conspiracy statute." So conspiracy without an overt act is not constitutionally protected.