My guess is partly consumer donations, partly industry donations (e.g. "Google donates $1M to Penpot since it uses it heavily and can't let it die") and, perhap

My guess is partly consumer donations, partly industry donations (e.g. "Google donates $1M to Penpot since it uses it heavily and can't let it die") and, perhaps money from cloud hosting and technical support. 2 is why Linux is alive, too many large companies depend on it for it to die.