Are these salary ranges to be announced when hiring or post hoc? In the former case, it seems like this would effectively cap salaries to the announced range.

Are these salary ranges to be announced when hiring or post hoc? In the former case, it seems like this would effectively cap salaries to the announced range. I’m generally quite amenable to the idea that American workers are not sufficiently protected, but I don’t understand how this doesn’t remove negotiating power, at least in the upper quartile of employees at a given firm. Edit: confused by the downvote. Maybe point out what I’m missing?