> The solution is once again, governmental regulation and agreement on certain standards, for example requiring a standard USB-C connection for all phones sold

> The solution is once again, governmental regulation and agreement on certain standards, for example requiring a standard USB-C connection for all phones sold in a given market, etc. In order for the solution to "once again" be government regulation, there has to be a past example of a coordination problem that was solved optimally by government regulation. Do you have such an example? All of the examples I can think of involving political intervention are ones that culminated in a suboptimal status quo being artificially locked in place due to incremental innovation on the margin being suppressed and/or the regulatory system being co-opted by its intended targets to create intentional barriers to entry. Conversely, we have plenty of examples of ecosystems converging to compatible standards organically, as we see in most of the world of computing technology, e.g. with PC hardware standards, internet protocols, etc.