2nd page of the paper has a decent description with data and a visual diagram of the process, it's worth checking out. "Characterization of phase transformatio

2nd page of the paper has a decent description with data and a visual diagram of the process, it's worth checking out. "Characterization of phase transformation dynamics of commercial additively manufactured 17–4 stainless steel (C_17–4) during laser melting. (a) Schematic illustration of in-situ laser-melting X-ray diffraction experiment. A vertical laser beam scans the sample to create a localized melt pool. The micro-focused high-energy X-ray beam is used to probe the phase transformation dynamics with a frame rate of 250 Hz. (b) Room temperature XRD pattern of as-solidified C_17–4 after laser melting. (c) XRD intensity map (XRD peak intensity evolution as a function of time) during laser melting of C_17–4 from 0 s to 20 s. The liquid gap near 0.15 s without any diffraction peaks denotes the period when all the material in the X-ray path was fully melted. The time axis is enlarged in the 0–1 s range to highlight the phase transformation details during the initial solidification stage. (d) EBSD of as-printed C_17–4 microstructure displayed in inversed pole figure (IPF) coloring. (e) EBSD of as-printed C_17–4 microstructure displayed in image quality (IQ) map. Martensite (α’) phase and a mixture of austenite (γ) and δ-ferrite (δ) phases were pointed out in the microstructure. (f) EBSD phase map of as-printed C_17–4. (g) XRD intensity evolution from (c) during solidification. The time axis is enlarged in the 0–1 s range. The uncertainty for BCC intensity measurement is 1 %. The uncertainty for FCC intensity measurement is 2 %."