There are some vague similarities; like VU1 can be used akin to a mesh shader to generate procedural geometry. But the overall architecture is very different an

There are some vague similarities; like VU1 can be used akin to a mesh shader to generate procedural geometry. But the overall architecture is very different and simplified. There's no pixel/fragment shaders, for example; you just get Gouraud shaded triangles and nothing else. Modern GPU APIs are about as similar to programming the PS2 as OpenGL 1.x is similar to an Nvidia RTX 3080.