Consciousness in itself is an empty word, there are many definitions of it, and, most importantly, each definition equates it to a set of properties that you ca

Consciousness in itself is an empty word, there are many definitions of it, and, most importantly, each definition equates it to a set of properties that you can test separately. Such tests show that some arthropods rank high on the scale of consciousness! Jumping spiders are the most popular example of exceptionnally smart arthropods, but bees, ants, or crabs have also well developped minds.