Data science and tools are especially critical to oil and gas management. Including downstream: refineries are built for the qualities of available discovery an

Data science and tools are especially critical to oil and gas management. Including downstream: refineries are built for the qualities of available discovery and take as long to plan. Anticipating the availability, extraction costs and chemistry of a new deposit is a major advantage to anyone in the industry. I was given, cold, a six figure number of barrels of Kazakh crude to market, three years before the standard blend was assessed. That was fun...