. late to the game . slow startup time . 1-based indexing . more complicated than python (many ML practitioners aren't really great at CS) . native speed (a

. late to the game . slow startup time . 1-based indexing . more complicated than python (many ML practitioners aren't really great at CS) . native speed (a clear Julia win) doesn't really matter in the ML world: in ML, speed matters on learning and inference, where the language used to build and massage models is irrelevant, all of them compile models to run on GPU/TPU/etc ...