Which is also the reason why a $100/ton carbon tax won't raise the price of a laptop that currently causes 0.3 t to be emitted by $30: Some of the components wi

Which is also the reason why a $100/ton carbon tax won't raise the price of a laptop that currently causes 0.3 t to be emitted by $30: Some of the components will (somewhere along the value chain!) be replaced with less carbon intensive alternatives that were just slightly too expensive to be worth bothering with. That's how carbon taxes achieve most of their benefit - not by shifting consumption or pricing consumers out! The above numbers are realistic examples for the magnitude of carbon taxes typically discussed and the manufacturing carbon footprint of a laptop, btw.