Its primary interface with user/developer is indeed JVM based languages. However, Android is more than that. It is a capability-based microkernel-like OS implem

Its primary interface with user/developer is indeed JVM based languages. However, Android is more than that. It is a capability-based microkernel-like OS implementation on top of Linux. Everything in Android goes through IPC. Every process is heavily isolated using SELinux and permissions including drivers.