macOS Ventura has moved some lesser-used file systems (FAT, exFAT) out of the kernel to user-space, I believe using a private framework developed for iOS (when

macOS Ventura has moved some lesser-used file systems (FAT, exFAT) out of the kernel to user-space, I believe using a private framework developed for iOS (when that added USB mass-storage support). Hopefully they’ll open those APIs up for 3rd party usage on the Mac next year.