You can, there is no reason that the data transmission cannot be done with fibre. You just need a fibre to USB coupler at the end and a source of power. If you

You can, there is no reason that the data transmission cannot be done with fibre. You just need a fibre to USB coupler at the end and a source of power. If you have a use case for it you could build it with two Raspberry Pi and a pair of couplers. Now is it worth it? That's another issue.