> OTOH, it is a nicely hidden subsidy for the train operators. Because for every ticket sold, they get to claim a certain amount from the federal government. W

> OTOH, it is a nicely hidden subsidy for the train operators. Because for every ticket sold, they get to claim a certain amount from the federal government. Well, if the government wishes to massively lower existing fares (including refunds for season ticket holders who already bought their tickets), it also needs to pay for it of course. 9 € per month for the whole of Germany is so low a price that additional ticket sales will never make up the loss of the regular fare income during these months, and in the meantime salaries, fuel/electricity and other operating expenses still need to be paid.