A major benefit of Rust/Go/Zig is control over data layout. If your language doesn't have value types, the CPU spends a lot of time pointer chasing and trashes

A major benefit of Rust/Go/Zig is control over data layout. If your language doesn't have value types, the CPU spends a lot of time pointer chasing and trashes the cache. In the worst case a cache miss could have the CPU sitting idle for hundreds of clock cycles while it waits for a RAM fetch to finish. That has a big effect in large programs with many layers of data structures, but it's not usually captured in microbenchmarks.