Europe did not introduced energy sanctions, both gas and pipeline-transferred oil were exempt from sanctions. But even before the war, there were gas shortages

Europe did not introduced energy sanctions, both gas and pipeline-transferred oil were exempt from sanctions. But even before the war, there were gas shortages. Part of gas was delivered based on long-term contracts, part based on spot contracts, and while Russia delivered enough gas to satisfy long-term contracts, it offered less gas to the market so spot price risen. After the war, there were some interruptions or limitations of gas delivery from the Russian side (blamed on not having enough spare parts to maintain gas pipelines).