Mach more than helped: "Mach 3 (Figure B.1) moves the BSD code outside of the kernel, leaving a much smaller microkernel. This system implements only basic Mac

Mach more than helped: "Mach 3 (Figure B.1) moves the BSD code outside of the kernel, leaving a much smaller microkernel. This system implements only basic Mach features in the kernel; all UNIX-specific code has been evicted to run in user-mode servers. Excluding UNIX-specific code from the kernel allows replacement of BSD with another operating system or the simultaneous execution of multiple operating-system interfaces on top of the microkernel. In addition to BSD, user-mode implementations have been developed for DOS, the Macintosh operating system, and OSF/1. This approach has similarities to the virtual-machine concept, but the virtual machine is defined by software (the Mach kernel interface), rather than by hardware." https://web.eecs.utk.edu/~qcao1/cs560/papers/mach.pdf https://web.eecs.utk.edu/~qcao1/cs560/papers/mach.pdf