they also provide tremendous value. however, looked at from a disruptive innovation perspective, i think two questions are critical: + where can startups take

they also provide tremendous value. however, looked at from a disruptive innovation perspective, i think two questions are critical: + where can startups take the edges off the market, without taking them on front-on? certain segments, use cases, etc. + what tech innovations exist today (or are on the horizon) which a startup could leverage faster/better than visa/mastercard to better serve certain use cases better than v/m (e.g Dell (when they were a startup) was so much faster than IBM to incorporate Intel's new tech every cycle, which resulted in Dell customers getting more capable and less expensive pcs)