You are thinking like a computer programmer and not a lawyer. There is a classic article that demonstrates the difference called “What colour are your bits?” ht

You are thinking like a computer programmer and not a lawyer. There is a classic article that demonstrates the difference called “What colour are your bits?” https://ansuz.sooke.bc.ca/entry/23 https://ansuz.sooke.bc.ca/entry/23 The law isn’t actually talking about math or numbers or encryption, even though it seems like it is to computer programmers. The math doesn’t matter to the law, what you use it for does.