Did they ever figure out their scaling issues? Every time I ask about the basics of how routing is supposed to work, shills send me to 100-page incomprehensible

Did they ever figure out their scaling issues? Every time I ask about the basics of how routing is supposed to work, shills send me to 100-page incomprehensible documents instead of giving a clear answer. Particular questions I have 1) how does a node know the connectivity of the (whole or most of) network? What about a brand new node? 2) do nodes just constantly announce themselves? 3) does it still rely on hub-and-spokes model? (aka centralized)