It's not exactly a "new" finding that neurons communicate signals to each other by means other than purely electrical signalling. The existence of well over 100

It's not exactly a "new" finding that neurons communicate signals to each other by means other than purely electrical signalling. The existence of well over 100 different neurotransmitters has been known for some time, and these are used to create unique signal cascades within the receiving neuron depending on the exact concentration sent. There is nothing equivalent to this in artificial neural networks. Artificial neural networks are not necessarily using binary neurons. Each activation unit may receive and pass on a continuous signal, but this tends to be a single floating-point number, usually normalized to be between -1 and 1 or between 0 and 1. Biological neurons are sending at minimum hundreds of these continuous-valued signals to each other. Likely, the closest way to build an equivalent artificial neural network would to have each neuron have hundreds of connections to all the other neurons it is connected to, rather than just one, but even that isn't necessarily equivalent, as what actually happens internal to the cells in response to these signal cascades isn't all that well-understood, but it involves quite a bit more than just determining what sort of signal to pass on to the next synapse.