Depends on how simple your code is. I can imagine that a smart tool-using animal could be trained to use a mechanical computer or 'program' a simple sequence, b

Depends on how simple your code is. I can imagine that a smart tool-using animal could be trained to use a mechanical computer or 'program' a simple sequence, but the prime motivator (that humans can supply) for most animals is food, so you would end up with a Rube-Goldberg food dispenser or something, not literal codemonkeys.