I was looking at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_African_stock_exchanges https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_African_stock_exchange... recently and was

I was looking at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_African_stock_exchanges https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_African_stock_exchange... recently and was wondering how developing nations even manage to acquire the necessary know-how and resources to connect to the financial system. Analog markets seem to be one of the earliest types of "civilizational infrastructure" to emerge, at least once there is a road or shipping route available. But in countries where mainframes have never existed, and computing and the internet are both relatively recent technology, this must be a huge challenge!