The replacements are topics, attribution reporting, fledge etc: APIs that allow you to either do something or learn something based on a user's behavior on a di

The replacements are topics, attribution reporting, fledge etc: APIs that allow you to either do something or learn something based on a user's behavior on a different site, but without allowing you to connect the user's identity on one site to their identity on another. None of them give Google's ad system special treatment. (I used to work on this at Google)