This still has the free rider problem at a nation state level. Let's say China invests 100 billion a year in innovation, and makes it all open. France then come

This still has the free rider problem at a nation state level. Let's say China invests 100 billion a year in innovation, and makes it all open. France then comes along and says "I don't need to bother with spending on innovation, I'll just use China's legwork, and spend my billion on out marketing china". China would eventually run out of cash for research.