Plus explicit contracts in new housing developments barring current sales and future sales to specific "undesirable" demographics. This "red-lining" was widespr

Plus explicit contracts in new housing developments barring current sales and future sales to specific "undesirable" demographics. This "red-lining" was widespread from post-WW2 boom through the 80s or so to keep those demographics out of some areas. Those demographics were locked out of the housing markets and in big urban areas like NYC this created an artificial demand for rental that forced these people to pay above-market rental rates for substandard housing, a double-slam on generational wealth accumulation.