How can a bank get off the ground without using fractional reserves or relying on the founders putting their own money at risk to start the business? No giving

How can a bank get off the ground without using fractional reserves or relying on the founders putting their own money at risk to start the business? No giving out loans until you've created enough of a buffer? But how to build that buffer in the first place, high fees? But how to successfully enter a competitive market as an unknown newcomer charging high fees?