Why do you think it all comes down to that? Clearly there's much more to it. For example, cryptocurrencies with those two properties you mentioned are a dime a

Why do you think it all comes down to that? Clearly there's much more to it. For example, cryptocurrencies with those two properties you mentioned are a dime a dozen. I could make one right now by git cloning bitcoin, changing some properties, then running it. And in practice there are thousands with high volume exchange-value. Digital currencies, when combined with ubiquitous exchanges, have such substitutability that I'm not sure there's much of a "network effect" or "lock in", when it's so easy to swap and pay with any of them. "value decided by the market" might be flimsy in this case.