The big question here would be whether the filesystem that the data file resides on is mounted on a single-disk volume or a RAID-volume (or even a clustered SDS

The big question here would be whether the filesystem that the data file resides on is mounted on a single-disk volume or a RAID-volume (or even a clustered SDS volume such as Ceph). On a single-disk volume, if the disk dies your DB is gone (at least until you can replace the disk and restore the backup). On a sensibly designed RAID-volume, if one of the disks dies the application's admin probably would never even know. The sysadmin would see it in their logging/alerting infrastructure and replace the dead disk. There would not be any loss of data or availability of the data (just a temporary degradation in the overall resiliency). Same is true for a clustered SDS volume such as Ceph.