Are there realistic threat scenarios where an actor has access to scan other process' RAM but not access to other things like run code in that process? What exa

Are there realistic threat scenarios where an actor has access to scan other process' RAM but not access to other things like run code in that process? What exactly is the issue here? Reminds me of the classic, "It rather involved being on the other side of this airtight hatchway" https://devblogs.microsoft.com/oldnewthing/20060508-22/?p=31283 https://devblogs.microsoft.com/oldnewthing/20060508-22/?p=31...