There can be multiple VISA protocols running in L2 on top of a permissionless DLT like ethereum. Users can exit one protocol and enter another, like zkSync or O

There can be multiple VISA protocols running in L2 on top of a permissionless DLT like ethereum. Users can exit one protocol and enter another, like zkSync or Optimism which are not at all like VISA. Or they can use a not-so-centralized L1 protocol like DAI. Or they can just use the base tokens on L1 at the expense of volatility and fees.