I have not spent much time thinking about this, but anecdotally: It's hard to quantify that way, I feel it would depend on how "wide" the structure of the or

I have not spent much time thinking about this, but anecdotally: It's hard to quantify that way, I feel it would depend on how "wide" the structure of the organization is. Perhaps "layers of management" between where the money is actually made and where the decisions are made is a good metric. Two or three, in my experience, have been the best places to work. Anything more than that and the friction exponentially increases.