> JIT can allow customization Yep. All the large car manufacturers, and maybe all of them large and small, have JIT supply chains. I didn't mean to imply that

> JIT can allow customization Yep. All the large car manufacturers, and maybe all of them large and small, have JIT supply chains. I didn't mean to imply that JIT couldn't support customization, since obviously others allow you to build custom, just that Toyota's reasons for not doing customization may be linked to their particular JIT choices. And not some other deciding factor. It's worth noting that Toyota suffered least (or last, anyway) with COVID-related supply chain restrictions. Their JIT is a particularly fine-tuned machine. They are the inventors of it, are they not? I read somewhere that many, if not most, others' are a poor simulacrum of Toyota's, and they don't understand it really. Like the way that most people implement microservices, or big-A Agile.