5 ms·

Looks like they are providing subdomains and sub-subdomains, not domains.

Chilinot 4y ago
Everything is a subdomain under the root domain, i.e. the dot (".") in a FQDN
YPPH 4y ago
If they delegate it to a nameserver you specify, is it much different to a domain? I am assuming they delegate in this manner, as opposed to some free web hosts who would host the nameservers and essentially just let you set A records. Would you say that example.nsw.gov.au is a domain or a subdomain?
usr1106 4y ago
What's the difference for an end user except for the extra dot? Isn't that the same with co.uk or com.au? Americans may find that inconvenient, more radical tongues call it a sign of US imperialism that .com is often associated with the home for US companies. Right, technically and probably legally there was a list of domains that you cannot register because they act as a "top-level" like co.uk. Not sure how official and how correct the list is.
- deleted 4y ago
  [deleted]
- ricardo81 4y ago
  >technically The 'public suffix list' is one: https://publicsuffix.org/learn/ https://publicsuffix.org/learn/
  - bipson 4y ago
    Wow, the guys from .aero had a few categories in mind... so did some south american countries. Does anyone know why bulgaria thought this was a good idea? > bg > (a-z).bg > (0-9).bg I can't find the mentioned "rules"-document... Edit: shorter representation of original list
    - afiori 4y ago
      have you seen the Italian and Japanese section of that document? Italy registered subdomains for all its regions and provinces, including spelling variations. All of the following domains are for the same region: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trentino-Alto_Adige/S%C3%BCdtirol https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trentino-Alto_Adige/S%C3%BCdti... trentin-sud-tirol.it trentin-süd-tirol.it trentin-sudtirol.it trentin-südtirol.it trentin-sued-tirol.it trentin-suedtirol.it trentino-a-adige.it trentino-aadige.it trentino-alto-adige.it trentino-altoadige.it trentino-s-tirol.it trentino-stirol.it trentino-sud-tirol.it trentino-süd-tirol.it trentino-sudtirol.it trentino-südtirol.it trentino-sued-tirol.it trentino-suedtirol.it trentino.it trentinoa-adige.it trentinoaadige.it trentinoalto-adige.it trentinoaltoadige.it trentinos-tirol.it trentinostirol.it trentinosud-tirol.it trentinosüd-tirol.it trentinosudtirol.it trentinosüdtirol.it trentinosued-tirol.it trentinosuedtirol.it trentinsud-tirol.it trentinsüd-tirol.it trentinsudtirol.it trentinsüdtirol.it trentinsued-tirol.it trentinsuedtirol.it
      - rurban 4y ago
        Sure. They need to ensure, that no South-Tyrolian registers those officially looking ones. After the 2nd world war Italy just invaded south tyrol/now trentino because they mixed up the capitulation date. They still speak tyrolian there, but belong officially to Italy.
      - bipson 4y ago
        Yes, but this has a system, where I don't get "0.bg, 1.bg, 2.bg, ..."
  - usr1106 4y ago
    Yes, that's the list I had in mind. So it's not a normative document, but an empirical document maintained by volunteers. The introduction tells what is the difference between a domain (registered by one entity) and a subdomain (any number can be created by the same entity): If a website sets cookies for something above their domain, e.g. co.uk or org.eu the cookie would be valid on other entities' websites. Browsers use this list to prevent that. eu.org and it's non-registerable subdomains are correctly listed. As a whole this looks a bit fragile, depending on volunteer work. Or you could say positively good old internet style: No single government or company controlling it.
    - ricardo81 4y ago
      Agree it is fragile, and indeed since there's no authority there's no authority to ask. The likes of uk.com and others owned by Centralnic have been around a while. I've never been sure what to call these since they aren't (as in top) TLDs.
- dazc 4y ago
  > 'What's the difference for an end user except for the extra dot?' You hold the domain at the whim of whoever controls the top level. Likely, they'll be less reliable than an official registry.
- vinay427 4y ago
  > Americans may find that inconvenient, more radical tongues call it a sign of US imperialism that .com is often associated with the home for US companies. I'm not sure why you felt the need to try and make some point about US imperialism in a discussion about a TLD with an extra dot when plenty of countries have a TLD that is customarily used without an extra dot: .de, .ch, .nl, .es, .ie, etc. It's simply a matter of convention (and sometimes local legislation) that .co.uk, .com.uk, .co.in, and others became the norm for commercial entities in these countries while .com similarly became a norm for US companies by convention. There's nothing stopping a non-US company from using a .com domain, as I'm sure you're aware.
  - Grimburger 4y ago
    And to nitpick .au is actually available now too. It's actually not that popular with most people I know because it sort of muddies the water with most Australians being very comfortable with .com.au and having a basic understanding of its restrictions. https://domains.google/tld/au/ https://domains.google/tld/au/
  - sam0x17 4y ago
    How the TLDs work is a really classic example of US imperialism. For example .gov is impossible to get for non-US entities, yet literal towns have .gov domains within the US, and there are even examples of people using .ca to mean california. Meanwhile outside countries have to resort to things like .gov.uk. That's right, tiny rural towns in the US have a better domain than the main UK government sites. Likewise .com typically implies US, as affirmed by the .com.mx, etc variants If ICANN wasn't super biased towards favoring the US, do you really think .gov would have been approved in the first place?
    - vinay427 4y ago
      > For example .gov is impossible to get for non-US entities I'll gladly concede this point. I do agree that ICANN favors the US for .gov (and .mil). It would definitely be preferable if these weren't approved at all or at least weren't restricted to US entities. > Likewise .com typically implies US, as affirmed by the .com.mx, etc variants I responded to this in my previous comment. As far as I know there wasn't a decision to systematically favor US companies, so I'm not sure what this has to do with US imperialism. There are many websites in the UK and other countries that use .com, even if it's still far more common for US entities, and there's nothing stopping more from doing so.
- jeroenhd 4y ago
  The difference is that this is just a website that offers subdomains and not a TLD. co.uk and com.au operate very differently through a network of registrars and such. The same company that put restrictions on the .uk TLD also manages the co.uk domain in a similar fashion to other TLDs, for example. You won't see co.uk ever expire because it's owned and manages by the same company that manages the TLD, but it's perfectly possible for eu.org to mess up their renewal and disappear from the internet. There's no direct connection between .org and the company managing these subdomains. Calling American TLDs like com/net/org imperialism is too extreme. The internet was developed by Americans for American use and other countries were added to the domain system later. When com/net/org because available, the entire system was completely centralised on the USA so it's not that strange that other countries had to make do with just a national TLD. That's not some kind of attempt of the USA to enforce their rules on the world, that's just historical development. These days, all kinds of TLDs are available, including ones in non-Latin scripts. I don't ever see any .भारत domains on the web (and I wouldn't even know how to type it if I saw it) but it's an available TLD for anyone to use. There are even geographical TLDs like .frl (Fryslân) and .wien (Vienna) that go way overboard with the TLD concept imo.
  - usr1106 4y ago
    Other countries were added in the mid/late 80s. That's well before most American companies got their domain. In a more equal world co.us or com.us would have been the primary place for domestic use once it has been clear that it's no longer a national thing. I have no strong feelings about this part of US dominance, it's just a fact of life. There are worse things. Like US agencies doing mass surveillance on foreigners worldwide. Or using extra-terratorial sanctions, assuming they are world-government.

Everything is a subdomain under the root domain, i.e. the dot (".") in a FQDN

YPPH 4y ago

If they delegate it to a nameserver you specify, is it much different to a domain? I am assuming they delegate in this manner, as opposed to some free web hosts who would host the nameservers and essentially just let you set A records. Would you say that example.nsw.gov.au is a domain or a subdomain?

usr1106 4y ago

What's the difference for an end user except for the extra dot? Isn't that the same with co.uk or com.au? Americans may find that inconvenient, more radical tongues call it a sign of US imperialism that .com is often associated with the home for US companies. Right, technically and probably legally there was a list of domains that you cannot register because they act as a "top-level" like co.uk. Not sure how official and how correct the list is.

deleted 4y ago
[deleted]
ricardo81 4y ago
>technically The 'public suffix list' is one: https://publicsuffix.org/learn/ https://publicsuffix.org/learn/
- bipson 4y ago
  Wow, the guys from .aero had a few categories in mind... so did some south american countries. Does anyone know why bulgaria thought this was a good idea? > bg > (a-z).bg > (0-9).bg I can't find the mentioned "rules"-document... Edit: shorter representation of original list
  - afiori 4y ago
    have you seen the Italian and Japanese section of that document? Italy registered subdomains for all its regions and provinces, including spelling variations. All of the following domains are for the same region: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trentino-Alto_Adige/S%C3%BCdtirol https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trentino-Alto_Adige/S%C3%BCdti... trentin-sud-tirol.it trentin-süd-tirol.it trentin-sudtirol.it trentin-südtirol.it trentin-sued-tirol.it trentin-suedtirol.it trentino-a-adige.it trentino-aadige.it trentino-alto-adige.it trentino-altoadige.it trentino-s-tirol.it trentino-stirol.it trentino-sud-tirol.it trentino-süd-tirol.it trentino-sudtirol.it trentino-südtirol.it trentino-sued-tirol.it trentino-suedtirol.it trentino.it trentinoa-adige.it trentinoaadige.it trentinoalto-adige.it trentinoaltoadige.it trentinos-tirol.it trentinostirol.it trentinosud-tirol.it trentinosüd-tirol.it trentinosudtirol.it trentinosüdtirol.it trentinosued-tirol.it trentinosuedtirol.it trentinsud-tirol.it trentinsüd-tirol.it trentinsudtirol.it trentinsüdtirol.it trentinsued-tirol.it trentinsuedtirol.it
    - rurban 4y ago
      Sure. They need to ensure, that no South-Tyrolian registers those officially looking ones. After the 2nd world war Italy just invaded south tyrol/now trentino because they mixed up the capitulation date. They still speak tyrolian there, but belong officially to Italy.
    - bipson 4y ago
      Yes, but this has a system, where I don't get "0.bg, 1.bg, 2.bg, ..."
- usr1106 4y ago
  Yes, that's the list I had in mind. So it's not a normative document, but an empirical document maintained by volunteers. The introduction tells what is the difference between a domain (registered by one entity) and a subdomain (any number can be created by the same entity): If a website sets cookies for something above their domain, e.g. co.uk or org.eu the cookie would be valid on other entities' websites. Browsers use this list to prevent that. eu.org and it's non-registerable subdomains are correctly listed. As a whole this looks a bit fragile, depending on volunteer work. Or you could say positively good old internet style: No single government or company controlling it.
  - ricardo81 4y ago
    Agree it is fragile, and indeed since there's no authority there's no authority to ask. The likes of uk.com and others owned by Centralnic have been around a while. I've never been sure what to call these since they aren't (as in top) TLDs.
dazc 4y ago
> 'What's the difference for an end user except for the extra dot?' You hold the domain at the whim of whoever controls the top level. Likely, they'll be less reliable than an official registry.
vinay427 4y ago
> Americans may find that inconvenient, more radical tongues call it a sign of US imperialism that .com is often associated with the home for US companies. I'm not sure why you felt the need to try and make some point about US imperialism in a discussion about a TLD with an extra dot when plenty of countries have a TLD that is customarily used without an extra dot: .de, .ch, .nl, .es, .ie, etc. It's simply a matter of convention (and sometimes local legislation) that .co.uk, .com.uk, .co.in, and others became the norm for commercial entities in these countries while .com similarly became a norm for US companies by convention. There's nothing stopping a non-US company from using a .com domain, as I'm sure you're aware.
- Grimburger 4y ago
  And to nitpick .au is actually available now too. It's actually not that popular with most people I know because it sort of muddies the water with most Australians being very comfortable with .com.au and having a basic understanding of its restrictions. https://domains.google/tld/au/ https://domains.google/tld/au/
- sam0x17 4y ago
  How the TLDs work is a really classic example of US imperialism. For example .gov is impossible to get for non-US entities, yet literal towns have .gov domains within the US, and there are even examples of people using .ca to mean california. Meanwhile outside countries have to resort to things like .gov.uk. That's right, tiny rural towns in the US have a better domain than the main UK government sites. Likewise .com typically implies US, as affirmed by the .com.mx, etc variants If ICANN wasn't super biased towards favoring the US, do you really think .gov would have been approved in the first place?
  - vinay427 4y ago
    > For example .gov is impossible to get for non-US entities I'll gladly concede this point. I do agree that ICANN favors the US for .gov (and .mil). It would definitely be preferable if these weren't approved at all or at least weren't restricted to US entities. > Likewise .com typically implies US, as affirmed by the .com.mx, etc variants I responded to this in my previous comment. As far as I know there wasn't a decision to systematically favor US companies, so I'm not sure what this has to do with US imperialism. There are many websites in the UK and other countries that use .com, even if it's still far more common for US entities, and there's nothing stopping more from doing so.
jeroenhd 4y ago
The difference is that this is just a website that offers subdomains and not a TLD. co.uk and com.au operate very differently through a network of registrars and such. The same company that put restrictions on the .uk TLD also manages the co.uk domain in a similar fashion to other TLDs, for example. You won't see co.uk ever expire because it's owned and manages by the same company that manages the TLD, but it's perfectly possible for eu.org to mess up their renewal and disappear from the internet. There's no direct connection between .org and the company managing these subdomains. Calling American TLDs like com/net/org imperialism is too extreme. The internet was developed by Americans for American use and other countries were added to the domain system later. When com/net/org because available, the entire system was completely centralised on the USA so it's not that strange that other countries had to make do with just a national TLD. That's not some kind of attempt of the USA to enforce their rules on the world, that's just historical development. These days, all kinds of TLDs are available, including ones in non-Latin scripts. I don't ever see any .भारत domains on the web (and I wouldn't even know how to type it if I saw it) but it's an available TLD for anyone to use. There are even geographical TLDs like .frl (Fryslân) and .wien (Vienna) that go way overboard with the TLD concept imo.
- usr1106 4y ago
  Other countries were added in the mid/late 80s. That's well before most American companies got their domain. In a more equal world co.us or com.us would have been the primary place for domestic use once it has been clear that it's no longer a national thing. I have no strong feelings about this part of US dominance, it's just a fact of life. There are worse things. Like US agencies doing mass surveillance on foreigners worldwide. Or using extra-terratorial sanctions, assuming they are world-government.