> However, the Underground is not run at capacity as you imply. There is deliberately wiggle room for "recovery" from events even at 30tph. Part of the undergr

> However, the Underground is not run at capacity as you imply. There is deliberately wiggle room for "recovery" from events even at 30tph. Part of the underground is definitely run so close to that you can think of it as run at capacity. There is some wiggle room especially where it’s manually driven and during the slowest hours but nothing comparable to a typical train service. I am admittedly a lot more familiar with the French situation - I worked for the French national infrastructure manager on modernising traffic management and for TGV on their planning system - but some lines in Paris the block sec is so low even the slightest delay in doors closing will lead to cancellation and trains can’t be controlled manually.